L4M5 MOST RELIABLE QUESTIONS - L4M5 TEST QUESTIONS PDF

L4M5 Most Reliable Questions - L4M5 Test Questions Pdf

L4M5 Most Reliable Questions - L4M5 Test Questions Pdf

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CIPS Commercial Negotiation Sample Questions (Q21-Q26):

NEW QUESTION # 21
A new manager has been appointed with responsibility for an organisation's category which has major impact on organisational cost base and there are little competitions in the supply market. They have an objective to improve supplier cost structures over time. Which of the following should they carry out first?

  • A. Volume concentration
  • B. Competitive rivalry analysis
  • C. STEEPLE analysis
  • D. Purchase price cost analysis

Answer: D

Explanation:
:
The objective of the buyer here is to improve supplier cost structures over time, which requires them to have insight into supplier's current cost information. Purchase price cost analysis (PPCA) can help here. PPCA is a method for gathering, analysing and using price and cost information in a systematic way. The process allows the identification of future savings and opportunities to improve current costs.
STEEPLE analysis is used to analyse the macro environment that may have impact on an organisation.
Competitive rivalry is a part of Porter's Five Forces which is a tool for strategy making.
Volume concentration is a way to increase the purchasing quantities in order for a buying organisation to improve its leverage in negotiation.


NEW QUESTION # 22
Which of the following are examples of non-verbal negotiation? Select THREE that apply.

  • A. / Speaking softly with long pauses
  • B. Using the body language
  • C. Communicating with the other party by using gestures
  • D. Getting messages across with facial expressions
  • E. Asking the supplier to repeat their proposal
  • F. Explaining to the supplier about the scope of the project

Answer: B,C,D

Explanation:
Nonverbal communication is important because it gives us valuable information about a situation including how a person might be feeling, how someone receives information and how to approach a person or group of people.
There are several types of nonverbal communications you should be aware of, including:
1. Body language
Body language is the way someone situates their body naturally depending on the situation, the environment and how they are feeling.
Example: Someone might cross their arms if they are feeling angry or nervous.
2. Movement
The way you move your arms and legs such as walking quickly or slowly, standing, sitting or fidgeting, can all convey different messages to onlookers.
Example: Sitting still and paying attention in a meeting conveys respect and attention.
3. Posture
The way you sit or stand can also communicate your comfort level, professionalism and general disposition towards a person or conversation.
Example: Someone might slouch their shoulders if they feel tired, frustrated or disappointed.
4. Gestures
While gestures vary widely across communities, they are generally used both intentionally and unintentionally to convey information to others.
Example: Someone in the United States might display a "thumbs up" to communicate confirmation or that they feel positively about something.
5. Space
Creating or closing distance between yourself and the people around you can also convey messages about your comfort level, the importance of the conversation, your desire to support or connect with others and more.
Example: You might stand two to three feet away from a new contact to respect their boundaries.
6. Paralanguage:
Paralanguage includes the non-language elements of speech, such as your talking speed, pitch, intonation, volume and more.
Example: You might speak quickly if you are excited about something.
7. Facial expressions
One of the most common forms of nonverbal communication is facial expressions. Using the eyebrows, mouth, eyes and facial muscles to convey can be very effective when communicating both emotion and information.
Example: Someone might raise their eyebrows and open their eyes widely if they feel surprised.
8. Eye contact
Strategically using eye content (or lack of eye contact) is an extremely effective way to communicate your attention and interest.
Example: Looking away from someone and at the ground or your phone may convey disinterest or disrespect.
9. Touch
Some people also use touch as a form of communication. Most commonly, it is used to communicate support or comfort. This form of communication should be used sparingly and only when you know the receiving party is okay with it. It should never be used to convey anger, frustration or any other negative emotions.
Example: Placing your hand on a friend's shoulder may convey support or empathy.


NEW QUESTION # 23
According to Fiona Dent and Mike Brent, which of the following are characteristics of Push approach? Select TWO that apply.

  • A. Inspirational
  • B. Directive
  • C. Collaborative
  • D. Seeking commitment
  • E. Persuasion

Answer: B,E

Explanation:
According to the book 'Influencing: Skills and techniques for business success' by Fiona Dent and Mike Brent, there are two major influencing styles. Push tends to be directive. It tells, and is clear and resolute, but needs to be employed in situations where firmness is required because of difficulties that exist or weakness is evident. Pull is more participatory and collaborative. It seeks to incorporate everyone's perspective. It can appear wishy-washy if not skilfully employed. That approach should be followed which is most likely to secure commitment and not mere compliance.
The two divisions can be further divided into four style categories: directive; persuasive reasoning; collaborative - team oriented, people oriented to inspire them with a vision. The directive style relies on your expertise and reputation being respected by others, and where there really does seem to be one answer. It is
"I" driven whereas persuasive reasoning is more "we" and issue driven. Directive styles can make the user appear as "a bull in a china shop"; persuasive reasoning can be portrayed as tough guy.
Collaborative influencing takes the "we" element further and seeks to mobilise everyone's ideas in a journey of discovery. It may have the flavour of "I'm your best friend", which may not go down too well. Visioning style is concerned to stir people's emotions in support of achieving an objective. This last one has been used by demagogues to stir people's hearts and minds for evil purposes as well as good.
A useful table offers the benefits, problems, words and body language associated with each style along with advice on when to use and when to avoid each. Cases and exercises illustrate these styles.
Empathy comes in for extended treatment with the definition of "standing in the other's shoes". This does not necessarily happen just intuitively, and therefore before a specific influencing effort there should be an intense effort to think about the other person or persons and to sense what it might feel like to be them - their hopes, fears, concerns, what turns them on, what turns them off, where are they coming from.


NEW QUESTION # 24
Rose is a senior buyer from a skiing equipment retailer. Rose is concerned about the current ski boot shortage and the number of invoicing problems from a key supplier. Shehas decided to have a video conference with Victor, CEO of the supplier. Initially, she intends to threaten Victor with contract termination unless he can improve the situation. However, she is a little wary of doing this as the switching costs are high. Eventually, she decides to seek solutions by encouraging the other party to offer their views and ideas. Rose also prepares some ideas to discuss with Victor. Which of the following is the persuasion method that Rose intends to use in the forthcoming conference?

  • A. Persuasive reasoning (push)
  • B. Visionary (pull)
  • C. Directive (push)
  • D. Collaborative (pull)

Answer: D

Explanation:
There are two major persuasion methods: 'push' and 'pull'.
Persuasion can be defined as encouraging someone to dosomething that you want them to do for you.
Persuasion is reasoning with someone so that they will believe or do something they might not otherwise do.
Persuasion can be considered as 'pushing' on TOP so that they can accept the change in attitude or behaviour as a result of your actions.
Influence is the ability to affect the manner of thinking of another. Influence can be considered as pulling on TOP so that you achieve the same result, but TOP feels they have changed their attitude or behaviour as a result of their reflection and thinking, and not your direct actions.
There are multiple variables to consider when choosing between 'push' and 'pull'. Professor Fiona Dent of Ashridge Business School proposes situations when each style might be most appropriate, breaking down push into 'directive' and 'reasoning' and 'pull' into 'collaborative' and 'visionary':
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In the scenario, Rose intends to let both parties exchange their views and ideas so that solutions to current problems can be found. This is the typical characteristic of collaborative (pull) method.


NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following is most likely a consequence of falling interest rate?

  • A. Increase aggregate demand
  • B. Decrease consumption
  • C. Decrease investment
  • D. Increase savings

Answer: A

Explanation:
:
If interest rate are too low and credit is too, cheap rates can fund a spending boom with consumers and businesses buying (investment) more than they can afford to pay back.


NEW QUESTION # 26
......

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